The aging of the immune system and the role of immunotherapy in cancer treatment in elderly patients
A. Colombo, C.M. Porretto, T. Sciacchitano, I. Fazio
Vol.7 (2022), issue 1, pag. 1 - 21
The aging of the immune system and the role of immunotherapy in cancer treatment in elderly patients
A. Colombo, C.M. Porretto, T. Sciacchitano, I. Fazio
Vol.7 (2022), issue 1, pag. 1 - 21
| Received | 26/10/2021 |
| Accepted | 16/12/2021 |
| Published | 12/01/2022 |
| Review by | Double-blind |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.48253/AGO20 |
ABSTRACT
Immune characteristics decline with age, whilst the incidence of most cancers rises. The use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has now not solely revolutionized most cancers history, however additionally spawned great activity in guring out predictive bi- omarkers, on the grounds that solely one third of patients exhibit treatment response.
The ageing considerably in uences the adaptive immune system and for this reason T cells, which are the fundamental target of ICB. In this review, we studied age-related adjustments related to the adaptive immune system with a focal point on T cells and their im- plication on carcinogenesis and ICB. Differences between senes- cence, exhaustion, and anergy are described and present knowl- edge, therapy strategies, and research exploring T cell ag
ing as a biomarker for ICB are discussed. Finally, novel strategies to improve immunotherapies and to perceive biomarkers of response to ICB are introduced and their potential is assessed in a compar- ative analysis.